- shortcut key

Windows system key combinations
F1: Help
CTRL+ESC: Open Start menu
ALT+TAB: Switch between open programs
ALT+F4: Quit program
SHIFT+DELETE: Delete item permanently
Windows Logo+L: Lock the computer (without using CTRL+ALT+DELETE)

Windows program key combinations
CTRL+C: Copy
CTRL+X: Cut
CTRL+V: Paste
CTRL+Z: Undo
CTRL+B: Bold
CTRL+U: Underline
CTRL+I: Italic

Mouse click/keyboard modifier combinations for shell objects
SHIFT+right click: Displays a shortcut menu containing alternative commands
SHIFT+double click: Runs the alternate default command (the second item on the menu)
ALT+double click: Displays properties
SHIFT+DELETE: Deletes an item immediately without placing it in the Recycle Bin

General keyboard-only commands
F1: Starts Windows Help
F10: Activates menu bar options
SHIFT+F10 Opens a shortcut menu for the selected item (this is the same as right-clicking an object
CTRL+ESC: Opens the Start menu (use the ARROW keys to select an item)
CTRL+ESC or ESC: Selects the Start button (press TAB to select the taskbar, or press SHIFT+F10 for a context menu)
CTRL+SHIFT+ESC: Opens Windows Task Manager
ALT+DOWN ARROW: Opens a drop-down list box
ALT+TAB: Switch to another running program (hold down the ALT key and then press the TAB key to view the task-switching window)
SHIFT: Press and hold down the SHIFT key while you insert a CD-ROM to bypass the automatic-run feature
ALT+SPACE: Displays the main window's System menu (from the System menu, you can restore, move, resize, minimize, maximize, or close the window)
ALT+- (ALT+hyphen): Displays the Multiple Document Interface (MDI) child window's System menu (from the MDI child window's System menu, you can restore, move, resize, minimize, maximize, or close the child window)
CTRL+TAB: Switch to the next child window of a Multiple Document Interface (MDI) program
ALT+underlined letter in menu: Opens the menu
ALT+F4: Closes the current window
CTRL+F4: Closes the current Multiple Document Interface (MDI) window
ALT+F6: Switch between multiple windows in the same program (for example, when the Notepad Find dialog box is displayed, ALT+F6 switches between the Find dialog box and the main Notepad window)

Shell objects and general folder/Windows Explorer shortcuts
For a selected object:
F2: Rename object
F3: Find all files
CTRL+X: Cut
CTRL+C: Copy
CTRL+V: Paste
SHIFT+DELETE: Delete selection immediately, without moving the item to the Recycle Bin
ALT+ENTER: Open the properties for the selected object
To copy a file
Press and hold down the CTRL key while you drag the file to another folder.
To create a shortcut
Press and hold down CTRL+SHIFT while you drag a file to the desktop or a folder.

General folder/shortcut control
F4: Selects the Go To A Different Folder box and moves down the entries in the box (if the toolbar is active in Windows Explorer)
F5: Refreshes the current window.
F6: Moves among panes in Windows Explorer
CTRL+G: Opens the Go To Folder tool (in Windows 95 Windows Explorer only)
CTRL+Z: Undo the last command
CTRL+A: Select all the items in the current window
BACKSPACE: Switch to the parent folder
SHIFT+click+Close button: For folders, close the current folder plus all parent folders

Windows Explorer tree control
Numeric Keypad *: Expands everything under the current selection
Numeric Keypad +: Expands the current selection
Numeric Keypad -: Collapses the current selection.
RIGHT ARROW: Expands the current selection if it is not expanded, otherwise goes to the first child
LEFT ARROW: Collapses the current selection if it is expanded, otherwise goes to the parent
Back to the top
Properties control
CTRL+TAB/CTRL+SHIFT+TAB: Move through the property tabs

Accessibility shortcuts
Press SHIFT five times: Toggles StickyKeys on and off
Press down and hold the right SHIFT key for eight seconds: Toggles FilterKeys on and off
Press down and hold the NUM LOCK key for five seconds: Toggles ToggleKeys on and off
Left ALT+left SHIFT+NUM LOCK: Toggles MouseKeys on and off
Left ALT+left SHIFT+PRINT SCREEN: Toggles high contrast on and off

Microsoft Natural Keyboard keys
Windows Logo: Start menu
Windows Logo+R: Run dialog box
Windows Logo+M: Minimize all
SHIFT+Windows Logo+M: Undo minimize all
Windows Logo+F1: Help
Windows Logo+E: Windows Explorer
Windows Logo+F: Find files or folders
Windows Logo+D: Minimizes all open windows and displays the desktop
CTRL+Windows Logo+F: Find computer
CTRL+Windows Logo+TAB: Moves focus from Start, to the Quick Launch toolbar, to the system tray (use RIGHT ARROW or LEFT ARROW to move focus to items on the Quick Launch toolbar and the system tray)
Windows Logo+TAB: Cycle through taskbar buttons
Windows Logo+Break: System Properties dialog box
Application key: Displays a shortcut menu for the selected item

Microsoft Natural Keyboard with IntelliType software installed
Windows Logo+L: Log off Windows
Windows Logo+P: Starts Print Manager
Windows Logo+C: Opens Control Panel
Windows Logo+V: Starts Clipboard
Windows Logo+K: Opens Keyboard Properties dialog box
Windows Logo+I: Opens Mouse Properties dialog box
Windows Logo+A: Starts Accessibility Options (if installed)
Windows Logo+SPACEBAR: Displays the list of Microsoft IntelliType shortcut keys
Windows Logo+S: Toggles CAPS LOCK on and off

Dialog box keyboard commands
TAB: Move to the next control in the dialog box
SHIFT+TAB: Move to the previous control in the dialog box
SPACEBAR: If the current control is a button, this clicks the button. If the current control is a check box, this toggles the check box. If the current control is an option, this selects the option.
ENTER: Equivalent to clicking the selected button (the button with the outline)
ESC: Equivalent to clicking the Cancel button
ALT+underlined letter in dialog box item: Move to the corresponding item

- misteri pada microsoft word..?

Misteri 1:

Kat Pc 2 kan, sila create new folder dan cuba namakan CON.
Amacam? Boleh x?

hm, nape ek..?

Misteri 2:

Bukak microsoft word yang baru. Taip: "=rand (200, 99)" tanpa pembuka dan penutup kata ("). pastu tekan enter button.
tgk apa akn kluar?

kalo nak adjust skit mende tuh, try la tukar angka tuh... =p

Misteri 3:

Cuba buat n tgk...

1. Bukak Microsoft Word korang.

2. Taipkan dalam huruf besar, Q33 NY ..
Q33 NY ni adalah number pesawat yang melanggar WtC tu..

3. tukar saiz font tu kepada saiz 48.

4. Korang highlightkan Q33 NY tu kemudian tukar kepada font WINGDINGS.

Apa yang korang nampak? Allahuakbar ..
sesungguhnye benda ni dah lama wujud tanpa sesiapa yang
menjangkakannye ...
Kelihatan gambar sebuah Kapal Terbang melanggar WTC (menara berkembar tu) ..
kemudian ade lambang tengkorak dan lambang yahudi ...
dah cube dan mmg btol............. SUBHANALLAH....

- 13 tips to improVe your pC

BIOS

You need to ensure that you have configured your BIOS correctly. The BIOS is software embedded on your motherboard that loads and configures hardware before the operating system. Failure to do so can easily slow down CPU and disk performance. Consult your computer or motherboard's manual to ensure that all CPU caches are enabled, memory timings are set correctly, and that IDE data transfer modes are set correctly.

You can speed up the boot process by enabling "Rapid Bios Boot" or "Fast/Quick boot". Also turn off auto detection of IDE devices and detect them manually. Set System and Video BIOS Cacheable to OFF as well as Video RAM cacheable to off, as these are legacy operating system DOS settings.

Test CPU performance with PC Magazine's benchmarks. Test drive performance with HDtach benchmark.

Drivers

You need to ensure that you have the latest versions of all your hardware drivers. The ones on the original Windows CD-ROM are usually out of date. Updated Video and SCSI drivers can significantly improve the performance of your computer.

Video Performance

If you experience slow screen redraws and you are running the latest drivers for your video card, try selecting a lower quality video resolution. In the Display icon of the Control Panel , select the Settings Tab. If the system is set for True color try lowering it to High Color (16-bit). Many LCDs cannot show a full 32-bit color pallet. You can also reduce the Desktop Area. Upgrade to a new video card if this does not help. Using the latest Microsoft DirectX drivers can increase game performance.

Reducing XP's screen effects will also speed up performance. Goto My computer, Properties, Advanced Tab, Performance Settings, Select adjust for best performance.

Hard Drive Port

Make sure your hard drive is not connected to the same IDE port as your CD/DVD-ROM. Each IDE port is programmed to operate at the slower of the two devices on the port, so you could be slowing down access to your primary hard drive by leaving a CD-ROM on the same channel. Put your CD/DVD-ROM on the Secondary IDE port.

Intel Application accelerator lets you independently set tranfer rates for devices on the same cable.

IDE DMA

Windows does not automatically utilize faster DMA IDE data transfer modes on IDE slave drives. Programmed I/O mode is the default setting.

1)) Right click on "My Computer", select the Hardware tab, and Select Device Manager.
2) Expand "IDE ATA/ATAPI Controller" and double-click on "Primary IDE Channel"
3) Under "Advanced Settings" tab, check the "Device 1" setting. Set it to "DMA if available"
4) Repeat the step for the "Secondary IDE Channel" if devices are present there.

Remember, we can only get so much performance out of old hardware. It might be time to upgrade to a your hard drive to a faster Serial ATA model. Check our hard drive page for the latest deals

SCSI Write Cache

Many SCSI drives do not have their write caches enabled. Use a Mode Page Editor such as the one built into EZ-SCSI to enable Write Caching on all your hard drives. Windows XP allows you to enable Write Caching in the Properties page of a SCSI Drive.

Minimize Background Applications and Services

Press CTRL-ALT-DEL while in Windows and bring up the Task Manager . Notice how many programs are running in the background. Each program steals memory and CPU cycles. Offenders include: Adobe Gamma Loader, Fast Find, msmsgs (Messenger), Office Startup, qttask (Quicktime), System Agent, Real Player, Norton. To stop programs from automatically starting, remove the file from the Programs - Startup folder, left click on the icons in the System tray and turn off automatic loading, or consult the help file of each program to turn it off. Run MSCONFIG to get a list of programs that run on startup and remove unnecessary ones.

Disable Alerter, File and Print, FTP Publishing, Indexing Service, World Wide Web Publisher, Messenger, Computer Browser, Routing and Remote Access, Smart Card, Smart Card Helper, Terminal services, Uninterruptible Power Supply if they are not being used. You can always turn them off and test your machine, before setting them to be disabled on startup. Run "services.msc" from the Run.. menu and Disable any services that are unncessary. BlackViper has additional information on services.

You can also Configure Virus scanning to only scan incoming files.

Removed Unused Programs, Protocols, and Fonts

Uninstall any Programs that you do not use. Also remove any Fonts that are not used. This will free up disk space and make the machine boot faster. You should also remove any temporary files located in the C:\TEMP, c:\windows\prefetch, or C:\WINDOWS\TEMP directories. Also remove any unused Network Protocols such as NetBEUI or IPX.

Unload DLLs

Windows does not unload dll files a program has used after it has been closed, to speed up a possible restart of the program.

Use Regedit to edit: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\explorer Add the DWORD value named: AlwaysUnloadDLL and set it to 1

Virtual Memory

Windows uses your Hard Drive as swap memory but its default configuration can cause a major loss of performance with the memory swap file getting moved around.

Select System icon from the Control Panel - Performance and Maintenance , select Advanced Tab, select Performance areas, and click on Settings Under virtual Memory click Change. The Initial and Maximum size should be equal otherwise Windows will keep resizing the file. The optimal memory setting for users with 128 MB+ is approximately 1.5-2 times the RAM size, users with 64 MB should use a 2 times multiple. You should also locate Virtual Memory on your fastest drive or striped RAID volume, placing it on the non-boot drive, can help increase performance. Defragment after setting this to minimize fragmentation and force the swap file to get located on the fastest part of your disk. Third party defragmentaters can optimize the swap file.

Always make sure your system has enough RAM. 128MB is the absolute minimum, 512MB is preferred. You can bring up the Performance Tab of the Task Manager to ensure that Total Commit Charge is lower than your Total Physical Memory. If not, add ram.

Memory Tweaks

There are 3 tweaks you can make to change how XP uses memory.
Open Regedit and Find HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Memory Management\

Disable Paging Executive:
XP pages data from RAM memory to the hard drive. We can stop this happening and keep more data in RAM, resulting in better performance. Users with a large amount of RAM (256MB+) should use this setting. The setting we change to disable the 'Paging Executive', is DisablePagingExecutive. Changing the value of this key from 0 to 1 will de-activate memory paging.

System Cache Boost:
Changing the value of the key LargeSystemCache from 0 to 1 will tell XP to allocate all but 4MB of system memory to the file system cache, allowing the XP Kernel to run in memory. The 4MB of memory left is used for disk caching, if more is needed, XP allocates more. Generally, this tweak improves performance by a fair bit but can, in some intensive applications, degrade performance. As with the previous tweak, you should have at least 256MB of RAM before attempting to enable LargeSystemCache.

Input/Output Performance:
This improves performance of large file transfers. If this entry does not appear in the registry, you will have to create a REG_DWORD value called IoPageLockLimit. The data for this value is in number of bytes, and defaults to Zero which equates to 512KB on machines that have the value. Most people using this tweak have found maximum performance in the 8 to 16 megabyte range, so you will have to play around with the value to find the best performance. The value is measured in bytes, so if you want, 12MB allocated, it's 12 * 1024 * 1024, or 12582912. As with all these memory tweaks, you should only use this if you have 256MB or more of RAM.

Use your hard drive less for Virtual Memory:
The Windows 98/ME "ConservativeSwapfileUsage=1" optimization does not work for XP.

Remember, we can only get so much performance out of old hardware. It might be time to upgrade to a your memory. Check our memorypage for the latest deals

Defragment

Make sure you regularly defragment your hard drive with a defragmenter. Windows XP includes one. Keep your drive defragmented as a drive with even 5% fragmentation can be very inefficient.

Microsoft has a utility called "Bootvis" that can monitor your system bootup and optimize its performance. They removed the files from their site.
This site has a copy.
Extremetech has more bootup performance tips

Network Performance

Tweak XP has a nice tip on adjusting how much network bandwidth is reserved for different programs.

Offload processor tasks to network adapter's with intelligent processors.
Open Regedit and Find HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters
Edit or Create the REG_DWORD key "DisableTaskOffload" and set it to 0 to Enable the Task Offload. By default, if this key is present, it's set to 1 to disable the task offload.
Details from Microsoft.

Drive Performance

Some drives have configurable acoustic levels. They sacrifice performance for quiet. You can always turn off acoustic management for maximum performance.

Shortening Menu Delay

You can shorten the delay when menus open up by using Regedit to edit: HKEY_CURRENT_USER / Control Panel / Desktop / MenuShowDelay By default, the value is 400, but changing it to a smaller value, such as 100, will speed it up.

Other Resources ( you can visit this site)

TweakHound is a good site to go for more tips.
TweakXP is a good site to go for more tips.
Windowsxp AtoZ is a good resource.
Windowsxp.nu is also a good resource.

X-Setup can help tweak settings.
Cachemem can help tweak cache - memory settings.
Super Win Software makes several tools for tweaking including Add/Remove pro

- How to Net Send

After you install Microsoft Windows XP Service Pack 2 (SP2) on your computer, you may not be able to send or to receive messages by using the Windows operating system NET SEND command. You may notice this problem in one or in all the following scenarios:

• When you use the NET SEND notification method to notify a SQL Server operator about the events that have occurred on the instance of SQL Server.
• When you run the NET SEND command by using the xp_cmdshell extended system stored procedure to send a message to a user or to a computer on the network.

Additionally, you may receive the following error message when you try to send a message by using the NET SEND command:

An error occurred while sending a message to .

The message alias could not be found on the network. More help is available by typing NET HELPMSG 2273.

This problem occurs when one of the following conditions is true:

• The source computer is running Microsoft Windows XP SP2.
• The destination computer is running Microsoft Windows XP SP2.

As a result, the destination computer does not receive the messages that are sent by the NET SEND command.

Cause :

This problem occurs because the Messenger service is disabled. The messenger service must run on the destination computer to enable the NET SEND command. By default, the Messenger service is disabled on computers that are running Microsoft Windows XP SP2.

How to solve :

To work around this problem, change the Startup type of the Messenger service toAutomatic, and then start the Messenger service. To do this, follow these steps:

1. Open Windows Explorer.
2. In the left pane, right-click My Computer, and then click Manage.
3. In the Computer Management window, expand Services and Applications in the left pane, and then click Services.
4. In the right pane, double-click Messenger.
5. In the Messenger Properties (Local Computer) dialog box, click the General tab.
6. On the General tab, select Automatic from the Startup type list, and then clickApply.
7. Under Service status, click Start, and then click OK.

To send a message please try type: net send name_of_user_or_computer the_text

not understand? you can:

*** visit http://www.lantalk.net/net-send-command/ ***

- How to install Ubuntu on a Pendrive

Basic essentials:

• 1GB or larger pendrive
• Ubuntu 6.10 ISO
• CD Burner/Recorder
• 7-zip (or another ISO extracting tool)

How to install Ubuntu on a pendrive:
Partition and make the pendrive bootable:

1. Download the Ubuntu 6.10 ISO and burn it to CD
2. Restart your computer (booting from the Ubuntu Live CD)
3. Insert a 1GB or larger pendrive
4. Open a terminal window and type sudo su
5. Now type fdisk -l to list available drives/partitions (note which device is your pendrive Example: /dev/sdb). Throughout this tutorial, replace all instances of x with your flash drive letter. For example, if your flash drive is sdb, replace x with b.
6. Type umount /dev/sdx1
7. Type fdisk /dev/sdx
   • type p to show the existing partition and d to delete it
   • type p again to show any remaining partitions (if partitions exist, repeat the previous step)
   • type n to make a new partition
   • type p for primary partition
     • type 1 to make this the first partition
     • hit enter to use the default 1st cylinder
     • type +750M to set the partition size
     • type a to make this partition active
     • type 1 to select partition 1
     • type t to change the partition filesystem
     • type 6 to select the fat16 file system
   • type n to make another new partition
   • type p for primary partition
     • type 2 to make this the second partition
     • hit enter to use the default cylinder
     • hit enter again to use the default last cylinder
     • type w to write the new partition table
8. Type umount /dev/sdx1 to unmount the partition
9. Type mkfs.vfat -F 16 -n usb /dev/sdx1 to format the first partition
   

   "Alternately you can try mkfs.vfat -F 32 -n usb /dev/sdx1 (doesn't always work)"

10. Type umount /dev/sdx2 to ensure the partition is unmounted
11. Type mkfs.ext2 -b 4096 -L casper-rw /dev/sdx2 to format the second partition
12. Remove and Re-insert your flash drive
13. Back at the terminal, type sudo apt-get install syslinux mtools
    
14. Type syslinux -sf /dev/sdx1
15. Restart your computer, remove the CD and boot back into Windows

Using Windows to prepare and move the files to the pendrive:

1. Create a folder named USB on your computer
2. Download UBconvert.zip and extract the files to the USB folder
3. Move the Ubuntu 6.10 ISO downloaded earlier to the USB folder
4. Click fixu.bat from the USB folder (follow on screen instructions)
5. Move all files from the ubuntu directory to your pendrive
6. Reboot your computer and set your system BIOS to boot from USB-HDD or USB-ZIP. Also set the "Hard Disk Boot Priority" if necessary.

You should now be booting into Ubuntu Linux from your pendrive!

- block a website !!!

mybe your sister @ brothers using your pc and always surf the web that you doesnt like... simple, just follow this step. they will not able to acces it again :p

In Windows XP

1. Click Start->All Programs->Accessories->Command Prompt.
2. Click Command Prompt This will open a DOS command window.
3. Type: notepad C:/Windows/System32/drivers/etc/hosts
4. Locate the line 127.0.0.1 localhost
5. To block the website yahoocom for example, just add this text under 127.0.0.1 localhost:

127.0.0.1 yahoo.com
127.0.0.1 www.yahoo.com

You can add as many sites any site, However you will need to prefix it with "127.0.0.1".

6. Save the file
Google will now be blocked in all web browser. This is an advanced but easy method on how to blow a website.

gud luck...

- when NTLDR Missing Message appear in your monitor

Dear Friends, The NTLDR Missing Message is an easy error to repair, do these steps to solve this on.

1. insert windows xp cd

2. both your computer with windows xp cd

3. in the installation menu choose (R) for repair consol

4. now enter your windows drive like 1, 2, 3, 4

5. enter your administrator password if dont have then leave it blank

6. go to cd room drive (depend on your "drive letter")

7. - now type copy e:\i386\ntldr c:\

- copy e:\i386\ntdetect.com c:\

8. now restart your computer and enjoy your fixed windows.

if still can't, thats means your windows doesnt just loss ntldr, mybe more than that file was missing... so, the last way that i can suggest " just format yor pc la"

- folder option hilang ?

Langkah Satu :

Klik menu Start > Run

taip “gpedit.msc” bagi membuka Group Policy Windows

lepas tu pergi ke User Configuration >Administrative Templates >Windows Component > Windows Explorer.

Di Panel sebelah kanan, cari “Remove the Folder Option menu item from the Tools Menu” kemudian double klik dan set value ke “Disabled”

Langkah Dua :

Buka Registry Editor dengan menaip “Regedit” pada menu Run

Kemudian cari key berikut : HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer

dan pada panel sebelah kanan cari : NoFolderOptions dan set value menjadi 0

jika xjumpe value NoFolderOptions pada regedit, anda kene wat sendiri dan masukkan valuenya dengan 0.

note : jika masih xboley??? erm, kene format la jugak pc tu

- SENARAI TUGAS JURUTEKNIK KOMPUTER FT17

1. Menjalankan tugas-tugas berkaitan dengan ICT di sekolah dibawah penyeliaan Pengetua/Guru Besar/Guru Data

2. Menguruskan dan menyelenggara kemudahan ICT dan perisian-perisian aplikasi yang dibekalkan oleh KPM/JPN serta menyelesaikan masalah teknikal yang timbul

2.1. Pemeriksaan dan penyenggaraan kelengkapan IT yang rosak seperti kerosakan papan induk, cakera keras, cakera liut, tetikus dan sebagainya (1^st level support)

2.2. Membantu dalam troubleshoot sistem rangkaian dan aplikasi sistem di pertingkat sekolah.

2.3. Membantu PPTM dalam melaksanakan pelarasan sistem berkaitan dengan pembahagian IP-Address, Gateway, Modem dan sebagainya.

2.4. Membantu memantau dan mengurus Rangkaian LAN dan WAN serta menyelaras server-server utama dan peralatan rangkaian seperti firewall, Proxy, DNS bagi School*Net dan MOE*Net dan sebagainya.

2.5. Help-desk dan 1^st level support (menerima aduan dan membuat troubleshoot awal kerosakan)

2.6. Sebagai liason officer bagi aktiviti penyelenggaraan berpusat termasuk mencatat log, memantau kerja yang dilakukan oleh pembekal, membuat tindakan susulan kepada pihak berkaitan bagi aktiviti yang belum siap dan sebagainya

3. Menyediakan keperluan peralatan ICT untuk guru dan membantu mereka sewaktu menggunakannya dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran.

4. Mengurus isu-isu keselamatan sistem maklumat diperingkat sekolah serta mewujudkan kawalan dan prosedur keselamatan yang berkesan selaras dengan dasar-dasar keselamatan yang telah ditetapkan oleh JPN/KPM/PPD/Sekolah dan MAMPU.

5. Membantu pihak pengurusan sekolah dalam aktiviti pengemaskinian data dan maklumat seperti EMIS, HRMIS, SMM, SSDM, SISPEB, Sistem Buku Teks dan sebagainya.

6. Melaksanakan tugas-tugas lain berkaitan pengurusan peralatan ICT yang di arahkan dari semasa ke semasa.